doc/ref: add spec for bounds
Bound is an easy spec (piggy backed on comparisons
and allows expressing things that are currently impossible
to express. Once added, we could seriously consider removing
ranges.
open ranges:
a: >=1 & <5.0 // open range
positive: >0 // allows 1e-100, but not 0
exclude values:
b: null | a1 | … | an
b: !=null
nonZero: !=0
Change-Id: I4c461b85849a347e423570c364e382650db20069
diff --git a/doc/ref/spec.md b/doc/ref/spec.md
index d68024a..34049aa 100644
--- a/doc/ref/spec.md
+++ b/doc/ref/spec.md
@@ -854,6 +854,30 @@
a sequence of bytes first.
+### Bounds
+
+A _bound_, syntactically_ a [unary expression](#Operands), defines
+a (possibly infinite) disjunction of concrete values than can be represented
+as a single comparison.
+
+For any [comparison operator](#Comparison-operators) `op` except `==`,
+`op a` is the disjunction of every `x` such that `x op a`.
+
+```
+2 & >=2 & <=5 // 2, where 2 is either an int or float.
+2.5 & >=1 & <=5 // 2.5
+2 & >=1.0 & <3.0 // 2.0
+2 & 1..3.0 // 2.0
+2.5 & int & >1 & <5 // _|_
+2.5 & float & >1 & <5 // 2.5
+int & 2 & >1.0 & <3.0 // _|_
+2.5 & >=(int & 1) & <5 // _|_
+>=0 & <=7 & >=3 & <=10 // >=3 & <=7
+!=null & 1 // 1
+>=5 & <=5 // 5
+```
+
+
### Ranges
A _range type_, syntactically a [binary expression](#Operands), defines
@@ -1388,18 +1412,16 @@
Expression = UnaryExpr | Expression binary_op Expression .
UnaryExpr = PrimaryExpr | unary_op UnaryExpr .
-binary_op = "|" | "&" | "||" | "&&" | rel_op | add_op | mul_op | ".." .
-rel_op = "==" | "!=" | "<" | "<=" | ">" | ">=" .
+binary_op = "|" | "&" | "||" | "&&" | "==" | rel_op | add_op | mul_op | ".." .
+rel_op = "!=" | "<" | "<=" | ">" | ">=" .
add_op = "+" | "-" .
mul_op = "*" | "/" | "%" | "div" | "mod" | "quo" | "rem" .
-
-unary_op = "+" | "-" | "!" | "*" .
+unary_op = "+" | "-" | "!" | "*" | rel_op .
```
<!-- TODO: consider adding unary_op: "<" | "<=" | ">" | ">=" -->
Comparisons are discussed [elsewhere](#Comparison-operators).
-For other binary operators, the operand
-types must unify.
+For any binary operators, the operand types must unify.
<!-- TODO: durations
unless the operation involves durations.
